Development and Efficacy Evaluation of a Fortified Blended Local Fertilizer from Waste-Derived Resources for Maize Cultivation.

ABSTRACT:

This study developed a novel fortified blended fertilizer using locally available waste materials: powdered sewage, wood ash, agricultural lime, and human urine. The formulation was optimized into basal and top-dressing blends by incorporating small quantities of commercial NPK and urea, respectively. The fertilizer was applied to maize under field conditions, and its effects were evaluated through soil testing and plant performance. Laboratory analysis revealed high nutrient concentrations (N: 308– 359 mg/kg, P: 432–503 mg/kg, K: 988–1150 mg/kg) and elevated fertility indices (3397–3953 mg/kg). Field trials demonstrated successful maize growth with no signs of nutrient deficiency or toxicity. The results indicate that this fortified blended fertilizer can serve as a sustainable, low-cost alternative to conventional inorganic fertilizers, contributing to circular agriculture and waste valorisation.

Keywords: Fortified blended fertilizer, waste valorisation, sewage ash fertilizer, organic-mineral blend, maize nutrition, soil fertility.