Characterizations Of Free- Standing Nanocellulose Films

April 7, 2026April 7, 2026 Selim

Characterizations Of Free- Standing Nanocellulose Films

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Multidisciplinary (NGRJM) Volume 2, Issue 1, 2026 (Page : 19-36)

ABSTRACT:

The distinct morphologies and functional properties of nanocellulose, which includes cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), and amorphous nanocellulose, are determined by the sources and methods of extraction. NC exhibits enormous potential as a sustainable and renewable material in a variety of industrial sectors that are in line with environmental goals because of its high surface area, optical transparency, thermal stability, and capacity to form stable suspensions. The review describes the superior gas barrier qualities of dense, crystalline NC films under low to moderate relative humidity (RH) conditions by comparing the oxygen permeability (OP) and water vapor permeability (WVP) of NC films to those of conventional polymers. The limitations of NC films are examined in relation to porosity, crystallinity, processing techniques, and additives that affect barrier performance, especially the rise in permeability at higher RH brought on by plasticization and swelling effects. The sustainable nature of NC production is further highlighted by a review of environmental factors, such as energy consumption in mechanical fibrillation and chemical treatments to lower energy use. Overall, the study positions NC as a promising biomaterial with multipurpose capabilities in advanced material science by offering crucial insights into streamlining the production of nanocellulose films and customizing their properties for uses like electronics, biomedical devices, and sustainable packaging.

Keywords: Nanocellulose; Nanocomposites; Applications; Oxygen permeability and Water Permeability.

Information Theory and Its Role in Cyber Security – Status and FutureTrends

April 7, 2026April 7, 2026 Selim

Information Theory and Its Role in Cyber Security – Status and FutureTrends

: Dr. Eng. Prof. Sattar B. Sadkhan, Dhilal M. Reda.

🪪 : DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18642252

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Multidisciplinary (NGRJM) Volume 2, Issue 1, 2026 (Page : 37-48)

ABSTRACT:

The paper examines the role and importance of information theory in the field of cybersecurity. More than 26 research papers related to the use of information theory in cybersecurity were collected. This paper specifically addresses the areas in which information theory has been used, as well as the important roles it plays in cybersecurity. The role of information theory has varied from detecting and classifying cyberattacks to developing routing algorithms, image encryption, and systems analysis.

Keywords: cyber, security, information theory, entropy, attacks

Things Fall Apart: Moral Inversion and Apocalyptic Violence in W. B. Yeats’s “TheSecond Coming”

April 7, 2026April 7, 2026 Selim

Things Fall Apart: Moral Inversion and Apocalyptic Violence in W. B. Yeats’s “TheSecond Coming”

: Dr. Lok Raj Sharma, Sushant Sharma.

🪪 : DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18745312

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Multidisciplinary (NGRJM) Volume 2, Issue 1, 2026 (Page : 49-59)

ABSTRACT:

William Butler Yeats’s “The Second Coming” reflects post–World War I chaos. It depicts moral inversion and apocalyptic violence as signs of a collapsing era and the rise of a dark new age. This article aims to identify and analyze moral inversion and apocalyptic violence in his poem “The Second Coming”. We employed a qualitative documentary research design to accomplish this study. Major poetic excerpts which reflect the moral inversion and apocalyptic violence in the poem functioned as the sources of primary data, whereas relevant books and peer-reviewed journal articles were used as the sources of qualitative secondary data. We applied a thematic analysis to interpret the primary data. The findings specify that this poem functions as a powerful metaphor for moral inversion and apocalyptic violence. The poem reflects the persistent erosion of ethical and democratic values. It shows that the “lack of conviction” among the virtuous is not merely a historical condition but a recurring phenomenon that shapes periods of social and political crisis. Yeats portrays a world where traditional virtues are systematically replaced by predatory chaos. This article emphasizes the enduring relevance of Yeats’s prophecy in understanding contemporary global crises. This study is academically significant as it analyzes Yeats’s portrayal of moral inversion and apocalyptic violence, and offers insights into the interplay between literature, ethics, and socio-political crises across historical and contemporary contexts. It will benefit scholars, students, and researchers of literature.

Keywords: W.B. Yeats, moral inversion, The Second Coming, apocalyptic violence, gyres

Polypharmacy and the Importance of Patient Counselling in Rural VillageSettings: An Indian Perspective

April 7, 2026April 7, 2026 Selim

Polypharmacy and the Importance of Patient Counselling in Rural VillageSettings: An Indian Perspective

: Dr Mosrur Ahmed Laskar

🪪 : DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18893102

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Multidisciplinary (NGRJM) Volume 2, Issue 1, 2026 (Page : 60-63)

ABSTRACT:

Polypharmacy, defined as the concurrent use of multiple medications, has become an increasingly important issue in modern healthcare, particularly among elderly patients and individuals suffering from multiple chronic diseases. In India, the challenge of polypharmacy is more pronounced in rural and village settings due to limited healthcare resources, inadequate medication monitoring, and low levels of health literacy. Patients in rural areas frequently obtain medicines from different healthcare providers, local pharmacies, or through self-medication, which increases the risk of adverse drug reactions, drug–drug interactions, and medication non-adherence. Patient counselling has emerged as an essential strategy to improve medication safety, enhance adherence, and promote rational drug use. This review aims to discuss the prevalence of polypharmacy in rural populations, associated clinical risks, and the critical role of patient counselling in improving therapeutic outcomes. Evidence from existing literature indicates that structured counselling interventions, particularly through pharmacists and primary healthcare workers, can significantly reduce medication errors and improve patient outcomes. Strengthening patient education and integrating counselling services into primary healthcare systems in rural areas may help mitigate the risks associated with polypharmacy.

Keywords: Polypharmacy, Patient counselling, Rural healthcare, Medication adherence, Primary health care, India

Dharma-Driven AI: Integrating Indian Ethical Frameworks intoAlgorithmic Decision-Making

April 7, 2026April 7, 2026 Selim

Dharma-Driven AI: Integrating Indian Ethical Frameworks intoAlgorithmic Decision-Making

: Dr. Viraj P Tathavadekar

🪪 : DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18961155

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Multidisciplinary (NGRJM) Volume 2, Issue 2, 2026 (Page : 64-69)

ABSTRACT:

Artificial intelligence systems in current times experience severe ethical problems which include algorithmic bias issues and accountability problems and fairness issues that depend on Western utilitarian frameworks. The chapter introduces a new model which combines Indian ethical standards with dharma and karma to govern algorithmic decision-making systems. Dharma-based frameworks define righteous behavior through three principles which include contextual righteousness and relational duties and cosmic order (Rta) as their core values. The chapter uses conceptual analysis and case studies from healthcare and justice systems to show how dharma provides moral guidance for ethical AI design while karma theory establishes strong accountability systems through its tracking of actions and their corresponding results. The analysis shows that dharma-driven methods to problem-solving improve Western methods because they support multiple cultural traditions and specific situations and ongoing effects on society. The integration of Indian Knowledge Systems with contemporary AI governance creates a pathway that enables development of algorithmic systems which respect different knowledge systems while maintaining ethical standards and supporting technological progress.

Keywords: Dharma, Artificial Intelligence Ethics, Algorithmic Accountability, Indian Knowledge Systems, Karma Theory, Ethical AI Governance

Main translation methods used in technical translation

April 7, 2026April 7, 2026 Selim

Main translation methods used in technical translation

: Umarova Mehrangiz, Absalomova Jayrona, Idiyeva Yulduz, Eliyeva Sevinch.

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Multidisciplinary (NGRJM) Volume 2, Issue 2, 2026 (Page : 70-72)

ANNOTATION:

Technical translation is a specialized type of translation that requires accuracy, terminological consistency, and a clear understanding of scientific and technological concepts. This article examines the main translation methods used in technical translation, including lexical, syntactic, terminological, and communicative approaches. The study also considers the theoretical views of translation scholars such as P. Newmark, B. Maylath, K. St.Amant, B. Hatim, I. Mason, and J. Byrne. Examples of English technical expressions and their Uzbek equivalents are provided to illustrate the application of these methods in practice.

Keywords: Technical Translation, Translation Methods, Lexical Translation, Syntactic Transformation, Terminology, Communicative Translation, Technical Texts.

Culture and Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion analysis of the prevalence andantibiotic susceptibility patterns of common urinary pathogens in acommunity-based study in Owerri, Nigeria

April 7, 2026April 7, 2026 Selim

Culture and Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion analysis of the prevalence andantibiotic susceptibility patterns of common urinary pathogens in acommunity-based study in Owerri, Nigeria

: Ogonnaya Chinemerem Cynthia, Verla Evelyn Ngoz, Ugwulor Louis Oguchukwu, Verla Andrew Wirnkor.

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Multidisciplinary (NGRJM) Volume 2, Issue 2, 2026 (Page : 77-83)

ABSTRACT:

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent one of the most common bacterial infections globally, affecting approximately 150 million people annually. In Nigeria, empirical antibiotic therapy for UTIs is often guided by outdated or non-local resistance data, contributing to the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to determine the etiologic spectrum of community-acquired urinary tract infections and establish local antibiotic susceptibility profiles in Owerri, Nigeria. A prospective laboratory-based study was conducted from January to December 2024. Clean-catch mid-stream urine samples were collected from 512 patients presenting with symptoms of UTI at primary healthcare centers in Owerri. Samples were processed using conventional culture techniques on cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) and MacConkey agars. Significant bacteriuria was defined as ≥10⁵ CFU/mL. Bacterial isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method against commonly prescribed antibiotics. Of the 512 samples processed, 186 (36.3%) showed significant bacteriuria. The most prevalent uropathogen was Escherichia coli (48.9%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.7%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (11.3%), Proteus mirabilis (8.6%), and Enterococcus faecalis (7.5%). High resistance rates were observed for amoxicillin-clavulanate (68.2%) and cotrimoxazole (62.9%). Moderate resistance was noted for ciprofloxacin (44.1%), while nitrofurantoin maintained good efficacy (84.4% susceptibility). Female patients, particularly those aged 25-44 years, showed higher prevalence of UTIs. The high resistance rates to commonly prescribed antibiotics underscore the necessity for regular local antimicrobial resistance surveillance and ongoing antibiotic stewardship programs in Owerri, Nigeria. Nitrofurantoin remains a viable option for empirical treatment of uncomplicated UTIs in this region, while amoxicillin-clavulanate and cotrimoxazole should be used with caution.

Keywords: Urinary tract infections, antimicrobial resistance, Nigeria, Kirby-Bauer, Empirical therapy, Uropathogens.

A Study and implementation of Start Intelligent Retail Cashier LessSystems: Tools, Approaches, and Difficulties

April 7, 2026April 7, 2026 Selim

A Study and implementation of Start Intelligent Retail Cashier LessSystems: Tools, Approaches, and Difficulties

: Ranveer Narayn Singh1, Sujeet Musale, Dr Amol Kasture.

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Multidisciplinary (NGRJM) Volume 2, Issue 2, 2026 (Page : 84-90)

ABSTRACT:

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), computer vision, and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has revolutionized the retail industry, paving the way for smart cashier-less systems. A Smart Retail Cashier-less System enables customers to shop without the need for traditional checkout counters or human cashiers. By integrating sensor networks, RFID tags, cameras, and deep learning algorithms, such systems can automatically detect products selected by customers, track their purchases in real-time, and process payments seamlessly through digital wallets or linked accounts. This not only enhances shopping convenience and speed but also reduces operational costs and human error. Moreover, data analytics derived from customer behavior can help retailers optimize inventory management and personalized marketing. Despite its advantages, challenges such as data privacy, system reliability, and high implementation costs remain key considerations. The development of an efficient, secure, and scalable Smart Retail Cashier-less System represents a significant step toward the future of automated retail.

Keywords: Smart Retail, Cashier-less System, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Digital Payment, Smart Shopping.

Methodological Foundations for Developing a Model of Integrative Skills inTeaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

April 7, 2026April 7, 2026 Selim

Methodological Foundations for Developing a Model of Integrative Skills inTeaching Arabic as a Foreign Language

: Muhayyo Xabibullayeva.

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Multidisciplinary (NGRJM) Volume 2, Issue 3, 2026 (Page : 91-96)

ABSTRACT:

This article analyzes the methodological foundations for developing an integrative skills model in teaching Arabic as a foreign language. The research results indicate that traditional approaches, focused on separate development of language skills, do not enable students to effectively use the language in real communicative situations. The integrative approach aims to develop listening, reading, speaking, and writing skills in an interconnected manner. The article also presents a lesson example demonstrating the practical effectiveness of the integrative model.

Keywords: Arabic language, foreign language teaching, integrative skills, pedagogical methodology

Women’s Health: Critical but Often Overlooked Symptoms

April 7, 2026April 7, 2026 Selim

Women’s Health: Critical but Often Overlooked Symptoms

: Eshmirzayeva Dilnoza Rozimurod qizi, Tillayeva Zarina Zafarbekovna.

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Multidisciplinary (NGRJM) Volume 2, Issue 3, 2026 (Page : 97-99)

ABSTRACT:

This article analyzes the hidden symptoms in women’s health that are frequently neglected but may serve as precursors to serious diseases. It highlights the correlation between symptoms such as persistent fatigue, sleep disturbances, hair loss, and emotional fluctuations with hormonal balance and internal organ function. The primary objective of the study is to increase health awareness among women and improve their quality of life through early detection of potential health issues.

Keywords: Women’s health, hidden symptoms, hormonal balance, prophylaxis, reproductive health, chronic fatigue, female psychophysiology, early diagnosis.