Peptide Therapeutics in the Post-AlphaFold Era: Current Advances, Pharmacokinetic Strategies, and Future Opportunities

May 12, 2026May 12, 2026 Selim

Peptide Therapeutics in the Post-AlphaFold Era: Current Advances, Pharmacokinetic Strategies, and Future Opportunities

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGRJPS) Volume 1, Issue 2, 2026 (Page : 77-84)

ABSTRACT:

Food is no longer seen simply as a source of calories and vital nutrients. Instead, it is increasingly understood as a daily biological exposure that can affect inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin sensitivity, vascular function, the gut microbiot a, and the risk of long-term chronic diseases. The idea of “food as medicine” involves using evidence-based dietary approaches in a deliberate way to help prevent disease, improve clinical outcomes, and complement standard medical treatment. This does not mean that food should replace medication. Rather, nutrition should be built into clinical care in a way that is safe, personalized, and carefully monitored. This review outlines the biological foundation of food as medicine, the clinical evidence in cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cognitive health, and the role of pharmacists in handling food–drug interactions, supplement use, and medication safety throughout dietary changes.

Keywords: Food as medicine; chronic disease; nutrition therapy; inflammation; gut microbiome; cardiovascular disease; type 2 diabetes; food–drug interactions.

In-Vitro Thrombolytic Activity and Total Phenolic Content of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Citrus limetta Fruit Peel

May 11, 2026May 11, 2026 Selim

In-Vitro Thrombolytic Activity and Total Phenolic Content of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Citrus limetta Fruit Peel

: Kavya.M, Sandhya.Y, Tejaswini K

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGRJPS) Volume 1, Issue 2, 2026 (Page : 74-76)

ABSTRACT:

Background: Citrus limetta (Rutaceae), commonly known as sweet lime, is widely used in folklore medicine and possesses various pharmacological properties. However, the fruit peel has not been extensively evaluated for its clot-lysis potential. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the total phenolic content and evaluate the in-vitro thrombolytic activity of the hydroethanolic extract of Citrus limetta fruit peel. Methods: The dried fruit peel was extracted using a hydroethanolic solution (water:ethanol, 60:40) via a Soxhlet apparatus and fractionated with petroleum ether. The total phenolic content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent. The in-vitro thrombolytic model was used to assess the clot lysis activity of the extract compared to a standard drug (Streptokinase) and a negative control (water). Results: The physicochemical evaluation revealed an acidic pH (5.05) and a specific gravity of 1.229 g/ml. The total phenolic content was found to be 13.48 mg/g of Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE). In the thrombolytic assay, the extract exhibited an average clot lysis of 14.28%, compared to 60.98% by standard Streptokinase and 4.01% by the negative control. Conclusion: The hydroethanolic extract of Citrus limetta fruit peel possesses moderate in-vitro thrombolytic activity, which may be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds.

Keywords: Citrus limetta, In-vitro thrombolytic activity, Hydroethanolic peel extract, Total phenolic content, Streptokinase comparison.

Recent Advances in Antiviral Therapy for COVID-19 and Future Pandemics: A Systematic Review

May 7, 2026May 7, 2026 Selim

Recent Advances in Antiviral Therapy for COVID-19 and Future Pandemics: A Systematic Review

: Abdul Mukit Barbhuiya, Johura Sultana, Chayanika Bordoloi

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGRJPS) Volume 1, Issue 2, 2026 (Page : 64-73)

ABSTRACT:

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), precipitated an unprecedented global health crisis, catalysing an accelerated pipeline of antiviral drug development. Despite the emergency deployment of numerous therapeutic agents, the comparative efficacy, safety, and applicability of these interventions across heterogeneous patient populations remain subjects of active investigation. Objectives: This systematic review synthesises evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses, and high quality observational studies on antiviral and immunomodulatory therapies for COVID-19, critically evaluating the evidence base and extrapolating lessons relevant to future pandemic preparedness. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) was performed for studies published between January 2020 and December 2024. Studies were selected based on pre-specified eligibility criteria aligned with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A total of 127 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which 64 contributed to quantitative analysis. Results: Direct-acting antivirals, particularly nirmatrelvir–ritonavir (Paxlovid) and remdesivir, demonstrated robust efficacy in reducing hospitalisation and mortality among high-risk outpatients and hospitalised patients, respectively. Molnupiravir demonstrated more modest and uncertain benefit, with concerns regarding mutagenicity limiting its broader application. Immunomodulatory agents—dexamethasone, baricitinib, and tocilizumab—conferred significant survival benefit in patients with severe-to-critical disease. Monoclonal antibodies showed class-wide vulnerability to emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, with most losing neutralising potency against Omicron subvariants. Host-directed therapies and combination antiviral regimens represent promising avenues for broad-spectrum pandemic readiness. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally transformed the antiviral drug development landscape. A stratified, disease-phase-specific treatment approach guided by disease severity has emerged as the optimal paradigm. Future pandemic preparedness demands sustained investment in platform technologies, broad-spectrum antivirals, and adaptive clinical trial infrastructure to enable rapid evidence generation for novel pathogens.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antiviral therapy; pandemic preparedness; nirmatrelvir–ritonavir; remdesivir; molnupiravir; immunomodulatory therapy; broad-spectrum antivirals; systematic review

Advanced Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Current Evidence, Emerging Therapies, and Future Perspectives

May 2, 2026May 4, 2026 Selim

Advanced Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Current Evidence, Emerging Therapies, and Future Perspectives

: Mosrur Ahmed Laskar

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGRJPS) Volume 1, Issue 2, 2026 (Page : 60-63)

ABSTRACT:

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remain one of the most complex and costly complications of diabetes mellitus, characterized by impaired wound healing, high infection rates, and significant risk of lower extremity amputation. Despite standard care protocols, clinical outcomes remain suboptimal, necessitating the integration of advanced therapeutic strategies. This review critically evaluates contemporary evidence on advanced DFU management, including biomaterial-based dressings, negative pressure wound therapy, revascularization strategies, antimicrobial innovations, and regenerative medicine approaches such as stem cell therapy and platelet-rich plasma. Additionally, emerging technologies including artificial intelligence and smart wound monitoring systems are discussed. The review emphasizes a precision medicine framework and multidisciplinary care model as essential for optimizing outcomes and reducing global disease burden.

Keywords: Diabetic foot ulcer, advanced wound care, regenerative medicine, NPWT, angiogenesis, precision medicine

Recent Developments in Nanomedicine: A Focus on Drug Delivery

April 14, 2026April 14, 2026 Selim

Recent Developments in Nanomedicine: A Focus on Drug Delivery

: Tejaswini Shivaji Khot, Rajvadhan C Ghatage.

🪪 : DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18986524

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGRJPS) Volume 1, Issue 1, 2026 (Page : 01-09)

ABSTRACT:

Artificial intelligence systems in current times experience severe ethical problems which include algorithmic bias issues and accountability problems and fairness issues that depend on Western utilitarian frameworks. The chapter introduces a new model which combines Indian ethical standards with dharma and karma to govern algorithmic decision-making systems. Dharma-based frameworks define righteous behavior through three principles which include contextual righteousness and relational duties and cosmic order (Rta) as their core values. The chapter uses conceptual analysis and case studies from healthcare and justice systems to show how dharma provides moral guidance for ethical AI design while karma theory establishes strong accountability systems through its tracking of actions and their corresponding results. The analysis shows that dharma-driven methods to problem-solving improve Western methods because they support multiple cultural traditions and specific situations and ongoing effects on society. The integration of Indian Knowledge Systems with contemporary AI governance creates a pathway that enables development of algorithmic systems which respect different knowledge systems while maintaining ethical standards and supporting technological progress.

Keywords: Nanomedicine, Drug Delivery Systems, Nanoparticles, Targeted Therapy, Bioavailability Enhancement

Optimization of Polyherbal Extraction of Gymnema sylvestre, Momordica charantia, and Syzygium cumini for Antidiabetic Phytoconstituents Using Maceration Technique and Evaluation of α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

April 14, 2026April 14, 2026 Selim

Optimization of Polyherbal Extraction of Gymnema sylvestre, Momordica charantia, and Syzygium cumini for Antidiabetic Phytoconstituents Using Maceration Technique and Evaluation of α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

: Shubham Mahadev Jadhav, Vivek Tukaram Kumbhar, Rajvardhan Chandravadan Ghatage.

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGRJPS) Volume 1, Issue 1, 2026 (Page : 10-21)

ABSTRACT:

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion or insulin resistance. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally, particularly in developing countries, leading to severe complications such as cardiovascular diseases, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Herbal medicines have gained significant importance in the management of diabetes due to their safety, availability, and minimal side effects compared to synthetic drugs. The present study focuses on the optimization of polyherbal extraction of Gymnema sylvestre, Momordica charantia, and Syzygium cumini using the maceration technique for the isolation of antidiabetic phytoconstituents. The powdered plant materials were combined in equal proportions and subjected to maceration using hydroalcoholic solvent for 72 hours. The obtained extract was filtered, concentrated, and evaluated for extraction yield and phytochemical constituents. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and glycosides, which are known for their antidiabetic properties. The antidiabetic potential of the polyherbal extract was evaluated using the yeast α-glucosidase inhibitory assay. The extract showed concentration-dependent inhibition of the enzyme, indicating its potential to control postprandial hyperglycemia. The findings of the study suggest that the optimized polyherbal extract possesses significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and may serve as a potential natural therapeutic agent for the management of diabetes mellitus. Further pharmacological and clinical studies are required to confirm its efficacy and safety.

Keywords: Polyherbal extract, Maceration technique, Gymnema sylvestre, Momordica charantia, Syzygium cumini, αGlucosidase inhibition, Antidiabetic activity.

Information Seeking Behavior of Pharmacy Students in Academic Libraries: A Comprehensive Review

April 14, 2026April 14, 2026 Selim

Information Seeking Behavior of Pharmacy Students in Academic Libraries: A Comprehensive Review

: Amol Shivaji Chothe

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGRJPS) Volume 1, Issue 1, 2026 (Page : 22-33)

ABSTRACT:

Information seeking behavior (ISB) is a fundamental component in the academic and professional development of pharmacy students, as it directly influences their ability to access, evaluate, and apply relevant scientific and clinical information. In the modern academic environment, where information is rapidly expanding and increasingly digitized, understanding how students interact with information systems has become crucial for educators, librarians, and policymakers. This review aims to critically analyze the information seeking behavior of pharmacy students within academic libraries, focusing on their information needs, preferred sources, search strategies, and the challenges they encounter during the information retrieval process. The study is based on a comprehensive review of scholarly literature retrieved from major databases such as Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Emphasis is placed on studies published between 2015 and 2025 to ensure contemporary relevance. The findings reveal a significant shift in user behavior from traditional print-based resources to digital platforms, including electronic journals, bibliographic databases, and web-based search engines. Pharmacy students demonstrate a strong preference for easily accessible and time-efficient information sources, often relying on general search engines as their primary tools. However, despite the availability of advanced digital resources, many students lack the necessary information literacy skills required to effectively navigate and utilize these tools. The review also identifies several barriers affecting information seeking behavior, including information overload, inadequate search skills, limited awareness of library services, and technological constraints. Furthermore, the evolving role of academic libraries is highlighted, emphasizing their transition from traditional repositories to dynamic, user-centered knowledge hubs that provide digital access, training, and research support. The study concludes that enhancing information literacy, improving digital infrastructure, and adopting user-centered library services are essential strategies for optimizing information seeking behavior among pharmacy students. These improvements will ultimately contribute to better academic performance and the development of competent healthcare professionals.

Keywords: Information Seeking Behavior, Pharmacy Students, Academic Libraries, Information Literacy, Digital Resources, Evidence-Based Practice

AI in Drug Discovery: From Target Identification to Lead Optimization

April 14, 2026April 14, 2026 Selim

AI in Drug Discovery: From Target Identification to Lead Optimization

: Sonal Vijay Rembulkar

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGRJPS) Volume 1, Issue 1, 2026 (Page : 34-44)

ABSTRACT:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in drug discovery, addressing the limitations of traditional pharmaceutical research, including high costs, long timelines, and low success rates. By leveraging machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, and generative models, AI enables efficient analysis of vast biomedical datasets and accelerates decision-making processes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of AI applications across the drug discovery pipeline, from target identification to lead optimization. It highlights computational techniques, real-world case studies, tools, and challenges associated with AI integration. Additionally, future perspectives on AI-driven personalized medicine and autonomous drug design systems are discussed. AI-driven innovations are poised to significantly reshape the pharmaceutical industry by improving efficiency, reducing attrition rates, and enabling precision therapeutics. [1–3]

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Drug Discovery, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Target Identification, Lead Optimization, ADMET, Computational Pharmacology [4–6]

AI-Powered Chatbots for Efficient Pharmacy Information Assistance in Library Systems

April 11, 2026April 11, 2026 Selim

AI-Powered Chatbots for Efficient Pharmacy Information Assistance in Library Systems

: Amol Shivaji Chothe

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGRJPS) Volume 1, Issue 2, 2026 (Page : 50-59)

ABSTRACT:

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered chatbots are transforming the landscape of information retrieval and user assistance in modern library systems, particularly in the domain of pharmacy education and research. These intelligent systems leverage natural language processing, machine learning, and knowledge-based frameworks to provide accurate, real-time responses to user queries. In pharmacy libraries, where access to updated drug information, clinical data, and research literature is crit ical, AI chatbots enhance efficiency, accessibility, and user engagement. They reduce the workload of librarians while ensuring continuous availability of services. This review explores the architecture, applications, benefits, challenges, and future potential of AI-powered chatbots in pharmacy library systems. The study also highlights their role in improving pharmaceutical education, supporting evidence-based practice, and facilitating drug information services.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Chatbots, Pharmacy Libraries, Information Systems, Drug Information Services, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing

Comprehensive Pharmacological Study of Moringa oleifera: Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Cancer Potential

April 9, 2026April 14, 2026 Selim

Comprehensive Pharmacological Study of Moringa oleifera: Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Cancer Potential

: Vaishnavi Santosh Padale, Sudipta Maitra.

📘 : Nexus Global Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGRJPS) Volume 1, Issue 1, 2026 (Page : 45-49)

ABSTRACT:

Moringa oleifera is a well-known medicinal plant recognized for its diverse pharmacological activities, particularly in the management of metabolic and proliferative disorders. The present study investigates its anti-diabetic and anti-cancer potential using in vitro models. The anti-diabetic activity was evaluated through the α-amylase inhibition assay, which measures the ability of the plant extract to inhibit carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes and thereby reduce postprandial hyperglycemia. The ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves exhibited significant enzyme inhibition, reaching up to 78% at higher concentrations, indicating strong hypoglycemic potential. The anti-cancer activity was assessed using the MTT assay on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. The extract demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity, with a notable decrease in cell viability and an IC₅₀ value of approximately 55 µg/mL, suggesting moderate anticancer efficacy. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, tannins, and saponins, which are known to contribute to antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, and apoptosis inducing properties. The dual activity observed may be attributed to the synergistic action of these phytoconstituents, which target common pathways such as oxidative stress and inflammation involved in both diabetes and cancer. These findings support the potential of Moringa oleifera as a natural, cost-effective therapeutic agent. However, further in vivo studies and clinical trials are required to validate its safety, efficacy, and mechanism of action for pharmaceutical applications [1-8,22,29].

Keywords: Moringa Oleifera, Α-Amylase Inhibition, MTT Assay, Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Cancer, Phytochemicals [3]