Development of a Cybersecurity Framework in Mitigating Android Malware and Masquerade Attacks on Aviation Training Devices

Abstract

This study developed a context-specific cybersecurity framework for mitigating Android malware and masquerade attacks on aviation training devices. It assessed the level of awareness of aviation training device users regarding Android malware, masquerade attacks, and public education and interventions, and determined users’ perceptions of permission-based and anomaly-based detection approaches. The study employed a descriptive survey design coupled with applied research. Fifty-one qualified Android users from the Maintenance Training Program and On-the-Job Training of an aviation training organization participated in the study. A structured questionnaire was administered through Google Forms and formally reviewed by seven experts in Information Technology and Cybersecurity for face and content validity. Descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, weighted mean, and ranking, were used to analyze the responses. The results showed that respondents were moderately aware of Android malware (overall mean = 2.92) and masquerade attacks (overall mean = 2.74). Awareness of public education and interventions was also moderate (mean = 3.39), although respondents showed a strong willingness to engage in cybersecurity practices when better informed (mean = 4.10). Perceptions of permission-based detection were favorable (mean = 3.41), while anomaly-based detection received a stronger favorable rating (mean = 3.82). The findings indicate that users recognized the risks associated with mobile threats but had gaps in threat recognition, confidence, and preparedness. Based on the empirical findings and reviewed literature, the researcher developed the MAPER Framework—Monitor, Assess, Prevent, Educate, and Respond. The framework integrates technical safeguards, risk assessment, preventive controls, cybersecurity education, and incident response into a practical mitigation approach for Android devices used in aviation training.