The Role of Enhanced Recovery (Eras) in Surgery
Keywords:
ERAS, enhanced recovery, surgery, perioperative care, postoperative complications, multimodal analgesia, early mobilization, surgical stress, rehabilitation, evidence-based medicine.Abstract
The article examines the role of the enhanced recovery after surgery concept — Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) — in modern surgical practice. ERAS is a comprehensive, evidence-based, and multidisciplinary approach to perioperative care of patients, aimed at reducing surgical stress, preventing postoperative complications, early recovery of physiological functions, and reducing the length of hospital stay. The main components of ERAS protocols at the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative stages are considered. Special attention is paid to preoperative patient preparation, nutrition optimization, rational fluid therapy, multimodal analgesia, prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, early enteral nutrition, and mobilization. The advantages of ERAS compared to the traditional model of perioperative care, as well as the challenges of implementing protocols into clinical practice, are analyzed. Current evidence indicates that the effectiveness of ERAS is determined not by an individual intervention, but by the consistent implementation of a set of interrelated elements.
